As Israel’s ground invasion of Gaza continues, many observers are asking about its ultimate aim. Israeli officials have pledged to destroy Hamas, but precisely what that entails remains unclear. Advocates for peace speak of the need to end Israel’s decades-long military occupation of the West Bank and Gaza and establish a long-term political solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. But what form could such a political solution take?

We’ve gathered a range of views on that question that have appeared in our pages over more than twenty years, including proposals for a single binational state, a two-state settlement, and a confederal arrangement—and a vision of how activists’ work today can prefigure a free Palestine. Together they provide a broad overview of political resolutions to the conflict.